Razor grinding machine



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' (N0 Model H. WOLFERTS. RAZOR GRINDING MACHINE.

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(No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 2. H WOLFERTS RAZOR GRINDING MACHINE.

No. 600,470. Patented Mar. 8, 1898.

(No Model.) 6 Sheets-She t 3 H. WOLPERTS. e RAZOR GRINDING MACHINE.

N0. 600,470. Patented Mar. 8, 1898.

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(No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 4. H. WOLPERTS. RAZOR GRINDING MAOHINE.

Patented Mar. 8, 1898.

Zdi'nesses m: mmms PIYER co. FNOTQJITHO, WASHINGTON. u, c.

(No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 5. H. WOLFERTS.

RAZOR GRINDING MACHINE. No. 600,470; Patented Mar. 8, 1898.

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H. WOLFERTS. RAZOR GRINDING MACHINE.

No. 600,470. Patented Mar. 8, 1898.

; Nl'llED STATES PATENT. union.

HEINRICH VOLFERTS, OF LANDVVEHR, GERMANY.

RAZOR-GRINDING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 600,470, dated March 8,1898.

Application filed August 16, 1897. Serial No. 648,435. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, HEINRICH WoLFERTs, a subject of the King of Prussia,Emperor of Germany, residing at Landwehr, near Solingen, in the Provinceof Rhenish Prussia, Kingdom of Prussia, Germany, have invented new anduseful Improvements in Razor- Grinding Machines, of which the followingis a specification.

Of all the processes occurring in the manufacture of razors thehollow-grinding of the blade is the one which contributes chiefly to thecosts of production, occupying the great-.

est amount of time and requiring most care, especially in order to avoidoverheating of the blade. Machinery has therefore been designed toeffect the hollow-grinding; but the work turned out has been found to beincomplete, subsequent finishing by hand being necessary. This is due tothe fact that in consequence of the somewhat curved form little cornersremain un ground at each end of the razor-back on both sides of thecutting edge, since these ends do not come into the course of operationof the grinding-rollers. These four corners have therefore to befinished off by hand.

The object of the present invention is a grinding-machine, as shown onthe drawings, which in a minimum of time effects completely automatichollow-grinding of the razor in a manner answering all requirements,obviating all danger of overheating of the blade, and renderingfinishing by hand wholly unneces sary. One attendant is sufficient forthree or four machines, so that the wages paid for grinding a singleblade is thus extremely small.

The working of the machine is such that the Whole length of the razor mto be ground, Figures 1 to i, being introduced with the edge foremostbetween two rotating stones 3 s, the blade, simultaneously with itsforward movement between the stones, receives a to-andfro oscillatingmotion in the arc of a circle in the direction of its length. Thesurface offered to the stones is thus being continually changed, so thatthe steel cannot be overheated by too long grinding on one and the samepart. Furthermore, by reason of the oscillating motion of the blade theends of the back also are presented to the stones, whereby thesimultaneous grinding of the corners 6, Fig. 1, is effected.

Another feature of the machine is the application of a wedge is, Fig. 2,for effecting the forward motion of the razor between the stones. Thiswedge, by reason of its graduallyrising surface, imparts an advancemovementadapted to the particular form of the section of the bladecoming under operation for the moment in such manner that during theperiod of grinding equal work is per formed on all portions of the bladefrom edge to back-that is to say, the advance of the blade can be soregulated that without being dependent upon the will of the machineattendant the forward motion at the com mencementtl1at is, at the timeof grinding the edge--is effected relatively faster and toward the backrelatively slower. This regulation further prevents unequal heating ofthe blade during the grindingprocess. Finally, the machine embraces anautomatic disengaging device which on completion of the grinding processstops the further operation of the wedge and leaves it free for beingcarried back to its first position.

Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view on the line X X of Fig. 3. Fig. 1 isa detail view of a razor, showing the unground corners at the back. Fig.2 is a similar view taken on the line y y of Fig. 3. Fig. 3 is a topplan view of the machine. Fig. 4: is an end elevation thereof. Fig. 5 isa horizontal section on the line X X of Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a partialhorizontal section illustrating the mechanism thrown out of operation,and Fig. 7 is a detail view of the rod q and lever o for controlling thedriving mechanism.

The grinding-stones s s (the diameter of rod 0 carries at its lower enda carriage d, having bearing-arms d, in which rotates a crank-shaft (Kthe connecting-rod d of which This.

shaft grasps a lever 01 at its upper end, said lever being secured tothe bearer b. On rotation of the shaft d the bearer bis thus oscillatedabout the pivot-bolt b. The carriage d travels on the verticalguide-piece f of the hangerf, Figs. 2 and 5, secured under the table 25.The rod 0 is on one side cut away at 0, Figs. 1, 2, 5, and 6, the upperface of this notch being formed as a wedgeshaped nose 0 Figs. 1 and 2.In this notch, under the nose c lies the wedge 70, the front end ofwhich is supported by the bracket g, while the rear end is secured by apin lo to the toothed rack h, said rack traveling laterally in the guideZ, Figs. 2 to 6, and being operated by the toothed wheelz' on the shaft4 By means of the worm-gear 0 0' 0 0 Figs. 3, 4, and 5, motion istransmitted to this shaft 1." from the shaft 71, which is rotated by thepulley p, driven from the main shaft. The shaft 72 also drives thecrank-shaft d by means of grooved pulleys 02 n for the purpose ofattaining the to-and-fro motion of the bearer b.

The driving-pulley p is loosely mounted on the shaft n and only drivesthe latter when the Coupling mechanism 19 has been brought intoengagement with it. A double-armed lever r, having its fulcrum in thearm 0", grips the neck 19 of this coupling mechanism, its other endbeing connected to the horizontallymoving vrod q. p This rod q, passingthrough the framing of the machine to the bearing q, carries at itsother end a head-piece u, against which the end of a lever 'v, pivotallymounted on" the arm o, hears when the coupling 19 is in engagement withthe driving-pulley, Fig. 5. The lever 1; (shown, with the rod q, infront elevation in Fig. 7) is so arranged that the wedge comes incontact with it when this wedge, operated by the toothed rack 71., hasarrived at its end position. The somewhat rounded-off end of the wedgenow passes under the lever '1), raising it up so far until its 'nose iselevated above the head-piece u. The

rod q, operating under spring-pressure, is now set free and by thespring g is thrown from its position in Fig. 5 to that shown in Fig. 6,whereupon the lever 'r' brings the coupling mechanism 19 out ofengagement with the pulley 19. This pulley, being loosely mounted,rotates now without driving the shaft n, so that the operation of thetoothed rack h, and likewise the further advance of the wedge is and theoscillation of the bearer b of the razor, ceases. The movement of therod q also effects a lateral movement of the wedge 70 into the positionindicated in Fig. 6, the wedge having a notch 70 in it, which enables itto pass over the pin 9 Figs. 1, 2, 5, and 6, which up to this point hasacted as guide, retaining it during its forward motion in the lateralnotch c of the rod 0.

The manner of working is as follows: The forged razor is laid with itsback on the oscillating bearer b and by means of the tanghole hung ontoa pin w, projecting laterally from the arm w of the bearer b. The razorhangs on this pin with some amount of play, so that a rigid straining isavoided and the blade can adjust itself between the stones 8 8. At thecommencement of the grinding process the razor lies in the positionshown in Figs. 1 and 2, between the stones 8 s, which have beenpreviously adjusted to the correct distance' apart. In this position thewedge It lies with its front end under the nose 0 of the rod 0. Whilenow the I stones driven by the pulleys z z rotate in the directiontoward each other, the wedge 10 is slowly moved forward by the toothedrack 77., operated, as above described, by the driving-pulley 19,standing in engagement with the coupling mechanism 19, (position Fig.5,) and the rod 0 is thus slowly elevated by the gradual rise of thesloping face of the wedge as it passes under the nose 0 In this way therazor (continually cooled by appropriate conduction of water) is pushedalways farther and farther between the stones 3 s, as will be clearlyunderstood. At the same time the bearer b is oscillated to and fro bythe rotation of the crank-shaft d, which simultaneously with the rod 0receives an upward movement in its bearings by means of the carriage (l.The razor is thus continually oscillated to and fro in the arc of acircle in the direction of its length between the stones. The partsoperated upon by the stones are conse quently being perpetually changed,so that just as in grinding by hand one and the same part of the bladenever remains under constant operation for any length of time, so thatoverheating of the steel during grinding is avoid ed. By reason of theoscillation of the blade the ends of the back also come within the rangeof operation of the stones when the blade has reached the positionnecessary for the predetermined degree of hollow-grinding and whichposition cannot be exceeded. In this manner the corners 6, Fig. 1, ofthe curved back of the razor on both sides of the edge are ground off.

The lift of the rod 0 and razor m is regulated by the form of thesloping surface of the wedge 70. Thus by altering the form of the wedgethe degree of lift can be so controlled at will that the stones can becaused to operate equally on every part of the blade during grinding,and that therefore the razor at the commencement where the stones haveless material to grind away is raised relatively faster, while ingrinding the back relatively slower. In order to enable easy insertionof wedges suited to difierent razors, the Wedge is most advantageouslyconstructed in two parts, the upper of which can be readily placed uponpins 70 Fig. 2, in the lower.

When the sloping surface of the wedge has wholly passed under the nose 0the latter now descends into the free space behind the wedge, the rod 0falling and the razor being drawn out from between the stones 8 8. At

the same time the notch 10 in the wedge has come into a position in linewith the guidepin g the wedge being now laterally displaced into theposition shown in Fig. 6 by the pressure exerted by the rod q. Thetoothed wheel 2' is set in engagement with the shaft 2" by means of acoupling 6 and turns loosely on the shaft when the coupling is broughtout of gear. By means of the handle h the toothed rack 72., and with itthe wedge 70, can now be drawn back from the position shown in Fig. 6,the wedge being brought again by means of the flat spring Z, Figs. 5 and6, into the original straight position, with its free end lying beforethe notch c of the rod 0. This rod, with the carriage d, has descendedsomewhat, so that the ground razor can be conveniently lifted out of thebearer b and a new one inserted, upon which the process of grinding canbe commenced again. The necessary elevation of the rod 0 for the purposeof introducing the front end of the wedge 70' into the lateral notch cis effected by means of a hand-leverf having its fulcrum on thepivot-boltf in the hanger f, its short arm taking under a cross-piece ofthe carriage cl.

On setting the coupling mechanism 19 in engagement with the driving-pulley p by means of the handle 9' for commencement of new work thehead-piece u is drawn back under the lever 11 with the rod q, whereuponthe lever o descends of itself into the position shown in Figs. 1 and 7and again lies in front of the head-piece a.

In order that the advance of the razor may also, if desired, be stoppedduring grinding, the lever r, Figs. 3 to 6, is supplied with a handle rand the rod (1 made up of two parts, one of which slides within theother. The coupling mechanism 19 can thus be thrown out of engagement byhand by operating the handle r of the lever 1', the outwardly-lying partof the joint rod g, which is connected to the tubular part, lying towardthe interior of the machine, by a pin q, running in a slot g Fig. 5,then sliding into the companion part. The shaft or is thus brought torest, while the motion of the inner lying partof the joint rod q is alsostopped by the lever 1 The pulleys 2, driving the stones, arealternately mounted, so that pulleys of various sizes, also of diametergreater than that of the stones, can be substituted.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, is

1. In a machine for grinding concave razors, the combination with rotarygrinding-stones parallel with one another, of an oscillating support forthe razor, and means for imparting an upward movement of the support tolongitudinally between the stones in the arc of a circle, substantiallyas described, and for the purpose specified.

2. In a machine for grinding concave razors, the combination with rotarygrinding-stones parallel with one another, of a verticallymovableoscillating support for the razor, means for oscillating the razorlongitudinally between the stones in the arc of a circle, a wedgearranged to move horizontally beneath the razor-support and means forgradually moving forward the wedge beneath said support to feed therazor upward between the stones simultaneously with its oscillatingmovement, substantially as described and for the purpose specified.

3. In a machine for grinding concave razors, the combination with rotarygrinding-stones parallel with one another, of a verticallymovableoscillating support for the razor, means for longitudinally oscillatingthe razor between the stones, a wedge arranged to move horizontallybeneath the razor-support,means for gradually moving forward the Wedgebeneath said support to feed the razor upward between the stonessimultaneously with its oscillating movement, and means for auto*matically throwing said wedge laterally from beneath the support at theend of the grindin g operation to permit the support to drop andwithdraw the razor from beneath the stones, substantially as described.

4. In a machine for grinding concave razors,

the combination with rotary grinding-stones parallel with one another,of a verticallymovable oscillating support for the razor, means forlongitudinally oscillating the razor between the stones, a wedgearranged to move horizontally beneath the support, means for graduallymoving forward the wedge beneath said support to feed the razor upwardbetween the stones simultaneously with its oscillating movement, meansfor automatically throwing said wedge laterally from beneath the supportat the end of the grinding operation to permit the support to drop andwithdraw the razor from beneath the stones, and mechanism operated bysaid wedge for simultaneously throwing the operating mechanism out ofaction, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

HEINRICH VVOLFERTS.

lVitnesses:

WILLIAM H. MADDEN, JULIA SPINTLER.

